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為了解農民工就業情況，國家統計局煙臺調查(cha)隊對部(bu)分(fen)農村家庭(ting)進行了調查(cha)，調查(cha)數據顯示，三季度煙臺農民(min)工就(jiu)業(ye)形勢總體(ti)平(ping)穩(wen)，與(yu)去年(nian)同期相(xiang)比，收入水平(ping)穩(wen)步增(zeng)長(chang)，農村勞動力呈現由本地就(jiu)業(ye)向外出就(jiu)業(ye)轉移的(de)傾(qing)向。

國家統(tong)計局煙(yan)臺調查隊共(gong)對145戶(hu)(hu)農(nong)(nong)民家庭(ting)進(jin)行了調查，三季(ji)度末145戶(hu)(hu)農(nong)(nong)民家庭(ting)住戶(hu)(hu)成員數402人，比(bi)去年同(tong)期增加(jia)2戶(hu)(hu)，增加(jia)14人，其中勞動力324人，比(bi)去年同(tong)期增加(jia)12人，同(tong)比(bi)增加(jia)3.8%。

調查(cha)數據顯示，三季(ji)度(du)(du)本地非(fei)(fei)農務工70人(ren)(ren)，非(fei)(fei)農自營(ying)23人(ren)(ren)，比去年(nian)(nian)同期(qi)分別下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)了(le)13.6%和(he)11.5%。收入方面，本地非(fei)(fei)農務工平(ping)均日工資(zi)為(wei)88.6元，與去年(nian)(nian)同期(qi)的(de)86.6元相(xiang)比，上(shang)漲了(le)2.3%。從(cong)(cong)產業(ye)(ye)來看，三季(ji)度(du)(du)從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)本地非(fei)(fei)農活動的(de)勞動力中，從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)第(di)一產業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)數為(wei)0，31人(ren)(ren)從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)第(di)二(er)產業(ye)(ye)，62人(ren)(ren)從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)第(di)三產業(ye)(ye)，與去年(nian)(nian)同期(qi)相(xiang)比都(dou)有下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)，從(cong)(cong)事(shi)(shi)第(di)二(er)產業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)數下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)幅度(du)(du)相(xiang)對較大，高(gao)達22.5%，。

外出(chu)就業(ye)勞(lao)動(dong)力增(zeng)長(chang)較(jiao)快(kuai)，比去年同期增(zeng)加了17人，增(zeng)幅高(gao)達36.2%，主要集中在(zai)第三產業(ye)，批零住餐等(deng)行業(ye)成為(wei)農村勞(lao)動(dong)力外出(chu)打零工的首選。

今(jin)年(nian)三(san)季(ji)度(du)，煙臺農(nong)民工(gong)監(jian)測調查網點勞動(dong)力中(zhong)(zhong)，外(wai)(wai)出(chu)務工(gong)的(de)有(you)62人(ren)(ren)，比(bi)(bi)去(qu)年(nian)同期增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)了(le)38.3%；外(wai)(wai)出(chu)自營的(de)有(you)2人(ren)(ren)，比(bi)(bi)去(qu)年(nian)同期增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)了(le)100.0%。從(cong)收入(ru)(ru)來(lai)看(kan)，今(jin)年(nian)三(san)季(ji)度(du)外(wai)(wai)出(chu)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)勞動(dong)者(zhe)人(ren)(ren)均收入(ru)(ru)9006元(yuan)，與去(qu)年(nian)同期相比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)6.3%。其中(zhong)(zhong)寄帶回家(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)(ren)均6596元(yuan)，占73.2%，在(zai)外(wai)(wai)消(xiao)費2198元(yuan)，占24.4%。從(cong)外(wai)(wai)出(chu)從(cong)事產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)來(lai)看(kan)，在(zai)三(san)季(ji)度(du)外(wai)(wai)出(chu)務工(gong)的(de)勞動(dong)力中(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)事第一產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)為0，從(cong)事第二產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)有(you)33人(ren)(ren)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)22.2%；從(cong)事第三(san)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)有(you)34人(ren)(ren)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)70.0%。從(cong)外(wai)(wai)出(chu)從(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)地區來(lai)看(kan)，三(san)季(ji)度(du)所有(you)外(wai)(wai)出(chu)務工(gong)勞動(dong)者(zhe)中(zhong)(zhong)，省內務工(gong)的(de)有(you)62人(ren)(ren)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)37.8%；省外(wai)(wai)務工(gong)有(you)5人(ren)(ren)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)150.0%。

傳統的(de)農(nong)村勞(lao)動力(li)務工存(cun)在的(de)問題依(yi)然明(ming)顯，主要表現(xian)在三個方面：一(yi)是(shi)就業選(xuan)擇(ze)缺乏彈性，在信息不(bu)對(dui)稱的(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，農(nong)民工很難選(xuan)擇(ze)更適合自己(ji)的(de)工作，導致(zhi)收入增長速(su)度過慢；二是(shi)職業技能(neng)缺乏，得不(bu)到有針對(dui)性的(de)培訓；三是(shi)城市公(gong)共服(fu)務水(shui)平的(de)發展跟不(bu)上農(nong)民工向城鎮縱(zong)深發展的(de)速(su)度，嚴重影響了市民化進程。

政策建議：

（一(yi)）進一(yi)步完善農(nong)民(min)工職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓體(ti)系，充(chong)分發揮政府(fu)、企(qi)業(ye)和(he)社(she)會(hui)(hui)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)在農(nong)民(min)工職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓中的作用，構(gou)(gou)(gou)建政府(fu)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓組織機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)——企(qi)業(ye)空間培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)——社(she)會(hui)(hui)綜合培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)三位一(yi)體(ti)的多元(yuan)化農(nong)民(min)工職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓體(ti)系，為農(nong)民(min)工提供更多的培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓機(ji)(ji)(ji)會(hui)(hui)。

（二(er)）多部門聯(lian)合提(ti)供就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)信息，拓寬農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)途(tu)徑。各(ge)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)相關部門建立起政(zheng)府、企業(ye)(ye)、職業(ye)(ye)中介機構與農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)相聯(lian)的勞務(wu)電子商務(wu)平臺，招工(gong)(gong)(gong)信息的發布和(he)(he)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)料的上傳通過客(ke)戶端無障礙(ai)發布；鼓勵、引導(dao)和(he)(he)扶持經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)欠(qian)發達(da)地(di)區發揮當(dang)地(di)資(zi)源(yuan)優勢，依托小(xiao)城鎮，以(yi)創業(ye)(ye)帶(dai)動就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)，積極支持農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)回鄉創業(ye)(ye)，發展(zhan)特色經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)，發展(zhan)農業(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)化經(jing)營，發展(zhan)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)容(rong)量大的工(gong)(gong)(gong)商服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)，推動縣域經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)的發展(zhan)。

（三）加快完善(shan)覆蓋農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)的社會保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制度(du)。健全(quan)覆蓋農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)的社會保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系是保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)合法權(quan)益的重要內容(rong)，有(you)利于(yu)促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)在城鎮穩定(ding)就業、加快市民(min)(min)(min)化進(jin)程，有(you)利于(yu)減少農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)的后顧之憂。首先抓(zhua)緊建(jian)立適合農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)特點的養(yang)老(lao)保(bao)險制度(du)，國(guo)家提供一定(ding)的財力支持，保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)老(lao)有(you)所依(yi)；其次健全(quan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)醫療(liao)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制度(du)，解(jie)決農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)看病難、看病貴問題；最后盡快實現工(gong)傷保(bao)險對農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)的全(quan)覆蓋，保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)在生產(chan)中(zhong)的人身安全(quan)。