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當前(qian)，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商成為前(qian)景廣(guang)闊的(de)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)“新(xin)藍海”。青島市今年啟動了“大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商創業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)程(cheng)”，成立市級電(dian)(dian)(dian)商人才創新(xin)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)地，構(gou)建(jian)起大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商四級服務網絡(luo)， 引導大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)深入村(cun)鎮(zhen)基(ji)層創新(xin)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)，取得(de)明顯成效。截至目(mu)前(qian)，已培訓電(dian)(dian)(dian)商創業(ye)(ye)(ye)人才2000余人，成功扶持(chi)260余人返鄉創業(ye)(ye)(ye)，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)商交易額突(tu)破5300萬元，成為推動大(da)眾創業(ye)(ye)(ye)萬眾創新(xin)的(de)“新(xin)引擎(qing)”。

“政府+市場”為農村電商創業護航

今年我市(shi)制定了《關(guan)于實施“青島市(shi)大學生農(nong)村(cun)電商(shang)創業(ye)工程”有關(guan)工作的通知》，鼓(gu)勵和(he)引導各村(cun)鎮建(jian)設電商(shang)運(yun)營中心和(he)服務(wu)站點，大力培養電商(shang)創業(ye)新型(xing)人才，逐步構(gou)建(jian)起覆(fu)蓋全市(shi)村(cun)鎮基層(ceng)的電商(shang)創業(ye)體(ti)系。

市(shi)人社局(ju)通過政府補(bu)貼、企(qi)業(ye)投(tou)入等方式，借助電(dian)商(shang)(shang)企(qi)業(ye)平(ping)臺(tai)，建立(li)起四(si)級(ji)(ji)大學生(sheng)農村電(dian)商(shang)(shang)創業(ye)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)體系。第一級(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)市(shi)級(ji)(ji)項目部，與淘寶大學人才(cai)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)商(shang)(shang)簽訂合作運(yun)(yun)營協議，在(zai)市(shi)大學生(sheng)創業(ye)孵化中(zhong)心(xin)設立(li)大學生(sheng)農村電(dian)商(shang)(shang)項目部，統籌全市(shi)農村電(dian)商(shang)(shang)網(wang)點(dian)(dian)建設運(yun)(yun)營。第二級(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)（市(shi)）級(ji)(ji)運(yun)(yun)營中(zhong)心(xin)，主(zhu)要發(fa)揮物流溯(su)源(yuan)、品(pin)(pin)牌展示、創業(ye)培訓等作用，是(shi)(shi)四(si)級(ji)(ji)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)網(wang)絡(luo)的中(zhong)堅力量(liang)，現已(yi)建成區(qu)(qu)級(ji)(ji)運(yun)(yun)營中(zhong)心(xin)4個。第三(san)級(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)鎮級(ji)(ji)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)中(zhong)心(xin)，具備物流配送、產品(pin)(pin)整合、特色推廣展示的功能，是(shi)(shi)四(si)級(ji)(ji)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)網(wang)絡(luo)的重要溝通點(dian)(dian)，現已(yi)建成鎮級(ji)(ji)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)中(zhong)心(xin)5個。第四(si)級(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)駐村站點(dian)(dian)，主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)幫助村民(min)代(dai)買代(dai)賣并收集當(dang)地(di)特色農產品(pin)(pin)信息，駐村站點(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)四(si)級(ji)(ji)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)網(wang)絡(luo)的基礎，初期規劃(hua)建設500個，目前已(yi)建成260余(yu)個，帶動農產品(pin)(pin)交易累(lei)計(ji)突破5300萬(wan)元。

具(ju)體操(cao)作中，我市(shi)與阿里巴(ba)巴(ba)集團達成戰略合作，推出(chu)“尋找大學(xue)生農(nong)村淘寶合伙人行(xing)(xing)動”。由各(ge)區(qu)（市(shi)）、各(ge)在青高校積極推薦大學(xue)生創(chuang)業者(zhe)參(can)與“村淘行(xing)(xing)動”，由阿里巴(ba)巴(ba)集團進行(xing)(xing)創(chuang)業者(zhe)遴選、站點建設、人才(cai)培訓和(he)認證，并提(ti)供創(chuang)業啟(qi)動資金(jin)，市(shi)人社局和(he)當地(di)政(zheng)府在資金(jin)、場地(di)等方面給予支持，共同促進“農(nong)村電商”項目落地(di)。

“培訓+服務”培育農村電商創業土壤

為了給大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)農村電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者提(ti)供(gong)“場地(di)+商(shang)(shang)機+培訓(xun)(xun)+導師+人才+中介”全方位公(gong)共創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)服(fu)務，市(shi)人社(she)局開發“大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)農村電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)培訓(xun)(xun)四(si)級課程體系”，內容涵蓋大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不同(tong)階段的知(zhi)識(shi)需求，分為縣長班(ban)、基礎班(ban)、創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)班(ban)、提(ti)升(sheng)班(ban)，邀請國內縣域(yu)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)專家(jia)(jia)、淘寶(bao)大(da)學(xue)優秀(xiu)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)講師授(shou)課。截至目(mu)前(qian)，參(can)與培訓(xun)(xun)人數累計超(chao)過2000人。同(tong)時，引進北京大(da)學(xue)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)訓(xun)(xun)練營等(deng)優秀(xiu)培訓(xun)(xun)團(tuan)(tuan)隊，組建大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)導師團(tuan)(tuan)，共同(tong)為農商(shang)(shang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)提(ti)供(gong)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)指(zhi)導和服(fu)務。目(mu)前(qian)大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)導師團(tuan)(tuan)已有包(bao)括(kuo)電(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)、知(zhi)名學(xue)者、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營管理人員、返鄉(xiang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶頭人等(deng)導師300余名。

資金短缺是創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)者遇到的(de)最大(da)難題。為此，市(shi)人社局(ju)規定(ding)，對于從(cong)(cong)事(shi)電(dian)商(shang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)的(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，可以申請入駐創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)孵化基(ji)(ji)地和小微(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)集中(zhong)辦(ban)公區(qu)域，實行第一年(nian)100%、第二年(nian)50%、第三年(nian)30%的(de)房租補貼(tie)，并(bing)享受完善法律、會計、人力資源、代理記賬等(deng)(deng)完善的(de)配(pei)套服務(wu)。在(zai)完善管理體(ti)制和市(shi)場化運行的(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上(shang)，適度放(fang)寬大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)農(nong)(nong)村電(dian)商(shang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)目的(de)申請標準。對科技含(han)量高、能夠有效帶(dai)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)民脫貧致富的(de)初創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)期、早中(zhong)期創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)目給予重點扶持。對大(da)學(xue)生(sheng)選(xuan)擇到從(cong)(cong)事(shi)農(nong)(nong)村電(dian)商(shang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)的(de)，經(jing)工(gong)商(shang)登記注冊，同(tong)等(deng)(deng)享受各項(xiang)就業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)扶持政策。同(tong)時，依托“海鷗(ou)眾創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)空間(jian)”和“商(shang)機PARTY”活動(dong)，舉辦(ban)電(dian)商(shang)公益講座、農(nong)(nong)產品上(shang)行研(yan)修班(ban)、農(nong)(nong)商(shang)資源對接(jie)會等(deng)(deng)活動(dong)等(deng)(deng)百余場，拓寬創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)者的(de)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)信息渠道。

為了彌補農(nong)村(cun)物(wu)流(liu)配送(song)短板(ban)，我市創新城鄉物(wu)流(liu)配送(song)模(mo)式(shi)。依托電(dian)商(shang)和物(wu)流(liu)企(qi)業(ye)，在(zai)縣城設立“農(nong)產品(pin)配購(gou)(gou)(gou)中心”和“快遞(di)(di)分撥中心”，在(zai)各鄉鎮(zhen)設立“農(nong)村(cun)物(wu)流(liu)配送(song)站(zhan)(zhan)”和“農(nong)產品(pin)收購(gou)(gou)(gou)站(zhan)(zhan)”，整(zheng)合(he)(he)物(wu)流(liu)和快遞(di)(di)資源(yuan)，將配送(song)實(shi)行常態化和穩定化。物(wu)流(liu)配送(song)上游，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)商(shang)、物(wu)流(liu)、快遞(di)(di)等企(qi)業(ye)縱向合(he)(he)作，建立配送(song)聯盟(meng)；下(xia)游通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)商(shang)服(fu)務點、電(dian)商(shang)扶(fu)貧服(fu)務點、村(cun)級綜合(he)(he)服(fu)務站(zhan)(zhan)進行橫向合(he)(he)作。整(zheng)合(he)(he)已(yi)經建成的末端配送(song)和收購(gou)(gou)(gou)站(zhan)(zhan)點資源(yuan)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)網訂店取（送(song)）、農(nong)產品(pin)收購(gou)(gou)(gou)等方式(shi)滿足和解(jie)決實(shi)際需求(qiu)。

“人才+品牌”實現農村電商發展新突破

黃島區返鄉創業大(da)學生(sheng)趙媛利用“農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)商”平臺開設了(le)(le)“第一書記推薦農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)”淘寶店(dian)鋪，并結(jie)合當地草莓采(cai)摘節的(de)機遇，進行(xing)網上銷售(shou)無(wu)公害(hai)草莓，有(you)效提升了(le)(le)經(jing)濟效益。即墨小蝸牛(niu)家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)場將現代農(nong)業種(zhong)植與(yu)電(dian)(dian)商旅(lv)游結(jie)合起來，培育電(dian)(dian)商型的(de)現代家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)業，打(da)造了(le)(le)產(chan)品(pin)原(yuan)生(sheng)態、純(chun)天然賣(mai)點，1萬(wan)多(duo)斤葡萄20天內銷售(shou)一空。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)實施農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)品牌(pai)化戰(zhan)略中，我市緊跟農業(ye)互聯網化的趨勢，在(zai)(zai)(zai)帶動農村(cun)市場的商(shang)(shang)品交易和服(fu)務同(tong)時(shi)，促進旅游產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)、餐飲行業(ye)、特(te)色(se)經(jing)濟產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)等發(fa)展。大(da)力(li)推(tui)廣李滄(cang)、膠州、即墨、平度(du)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)特(te)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)園(yuan)區，重(zhong)點打(da)(da)造農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)孵化基(ji)地、創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)車間、農村(cun)合作(zuo)社(she)等各類(lei)平臺。同(tong)時(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)建農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品深加工產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)園(yuan)、倉儲(chu)物流產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)園(yuan)、O2O體驗園(yuan)等特(te)色(se)園(yuan)區，為大(da)學生(sheng)返鄉創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)打(da)(da)造適宜(yi)發(fa)展的生(sheng)態環境。目前，黃(huang)島(dao)區寶山(shan)鎮(zhen)大(da)窩洛村(cun)農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)務創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)園(yuan)、膠州市里岔鎮(zhen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)公(gong)共服(fu)務中心、西海(hai)岸新(xin)區電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)孵化中心已正式啟用。下一(yi)步(bu)，力(li)爭在(zai)(zai)(zai)全市建設3-5個重(zhong)點農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)公(gong)共服(fu)務機構。在(zai)(zai)(zai)黃(huang)島(dao)、城陽、平度(du)、即墨、膠州、萊西各建成(cheng)一(yi)個農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)務公(gong)共服(fu)務中心，每個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)示范(fan)鄉鎮(zhen)都有一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)務公(gong)共服(fu)務分(fen)中心，每個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)(shang)示范(fan)村(cun)都有一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)(shang)務網絡服(fu)務點，并積極(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)孵化基(ji)地內開(kai)辟大(da)學生(sheng)農商(shang)(shang)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)專區。

為(wei)了培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)大學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人才(cai)，我(wo)市(shi)整(zheng)合在青高校，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)資源，組(zu)織“互聯網(wang)+”創業(ye)(ye)(ye)實踐活(huo)動，在青島(dao)黃海學(xue)(xue)院等(deng)3所高校開(kai)展普惠性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人才(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)活(huo)動，共吸引(yin)(yin)1150名在校大學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)參加。特(te)聘淘寶(bao)大學(xue)(xue)講師(shi)對參訓(xun)學(xue)(xue)員進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)知識培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)內(nei)容包(bao)括(kuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子商(shang)務概況、淘寶(bao)運作模式、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)店鋪開(kai)設流程等(deng)知識。今年7月，在青島(dao)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)大學(xue)(xue)金水路新(xin)校區成立(li)“青島(dao)市(shi)跨境電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)人才(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)暨創新(xin)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)”。基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)為(wei)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)，以創業(ye)(ye)(ye)人才(cai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)為(wei)特(te)色(se)，面向(xiang)(xiang)全市(shi)發揮示范(fan)引(yin)(yin)領作用，廣泛開(kai)展各層(ceng)次的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)商(shang)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，為(wei)青島(dao)構建外向(xiang)(xiang)型(xing)農產(chan)品網(wang)絡零售體系做好(hao)人才(cai)儲備。