7月24日(ri),人力資源(yuan)和社(she)會保障部發布全國各(ge)地(di)區月最低工(gong)資標準(zhun)情(qing)況和小時(shi)最低工(gong)資標準(zhun)情(qing)況。數據顯(xian)示,截(jie)至今年6月份,上海、北京(jing)、廣東、天津、江(jiang)蘇(su)、浙江(jiang)等(deng)地(di)月最低工(gong)資標準(zhun)超過2000元。
與企業工資(zi)指導線不(bu)同,最低工資(zi)標(biao)準被視(shi)為(wei)一(yi)項(xiang)“兜底”指標(biao),是在勞動者正常勞動情況下(xia),用人單位必須(xu)依法支付給勞動者的報酬。最低工資(zi)標(biao)準的調整幅度,與當地(di)社(she)會(hui)經濟發展密切相關。數(shu)據顯(xian)示(shi),截至今年6月份(fen),上(shang)海(hai)月最低工資(zi)標(biao)準為(wei)2480元,為(wei)全國(guo)最高;北京小時最低工資(zi)標(biao)準24元,為(wei)全國(guo)最高。
專家表示(shi),最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)調整是在物價上(shang)(shang)漲的(de)(de)大環(huan)境下,保障職工(gong)基本生活(huo)需求的(de)(de)一種應(ying)對。提高(gao)最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)資(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun),低(di)收入勞動者群體最(zui)(zui)為受益(yi),尤其是工(gong)資(zi)水平剛好在最(zui)(zui)低(di)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)線(xian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)工(gong)作者。隨(sui)著標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)線(xian)提高(gao)的(de)(de)執(zhi)行期到(dao)來(lai),這(zhe)些工(gong)作者就可以直接享(xiang)受到(dao)調整后的(de)(de)工(gong)資(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。不僅如此,隨(sui)著多地建立失(shi)業(ye)保險金標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與(yu)最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)資(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)掛鉤(gou)聯動機制,最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)資(zi)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)調,意味(wei)著與(yu)之相掛鉤(gou)的(de)(de)失(shi)業(ye)保險金標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)、就業(ye)補助等(deng)相關待遇標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)也將相應(ying)上(shang)(shang)調。
根據人(ren)社(she)部統計,2018年,全國共有(you)15個省份(fen)調整了(le)最(zui)低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標(biao)準。步入(ru)2019年,據不(bu)完全統計,重(zhong)慶、上海、陜西、北京確定了(le)新(xin)一輪最(zui)低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標(biao)準的調整。
經濟日報(bao)記者從(cong)(cong)地方人社系統獲悉(xi),重(zhong)慶從(cong)(cong)1月(yue)1日起(qi)(qi),第一檔(dang)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)月(yue)最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)為1800元(yuan),第二(er)檔(dang)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)月(yue)最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)為1700元(yuan),分別比(bi)原(yuan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)提高(gao)了300元(yuan);上海從(cong)(cong)4月(yue)1日起(qi)(qi),月(yue)最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)從(cong)(cong)2420元(yuan)調整到(dao)2480元(yuan),增加(jia)60元(yuan);陜西(xi)從(cong)(cong)5月(yue)1日起(qi)(qi),一類(lei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)區最(zui)(zui)低(di)為每月(yue)1800元(yuan),二(er)類(lei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)區最(zui)(zui)低(di)為每月(yue)1700元(yuan),三類(lei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)區最(zui)(zui)低(di)為每月(yue)1600元(yuan),均比(bi)原(yuan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)提高(gao)了120元(yuan);北(bei)京從(cong)(cong)7月(yue)1日起(qi)(qi),月(yue)最(zui)(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)從(cong)(cong)2120元(yuan)調整到(dao)2200元(yuan),增加(jia)80元(yuan)。
根據人社部此(ci)前發布的《關(guan)于(yu)做好最低(di)工資(zi)(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準調(diao)整(zheng)工作的通知》,各地應充分(fen)考慮當地經濟形(xing)勢發展和企業實(shi)際情況,穩妥把握調(diao)整(zheng)節奏,將最低(di)工資(zi)(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準由每兩年(nian)(nian)至少調(diao)整(zheng)一次改為每兩年(nian)(nian)至三年(nian)(nian)至少調(diao)整(zheng)一次。數據顯示(shi),河北(bei)最低(di)工資(zi)(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準實(shi)行日(ri)期為2016年(nian)(nian)7月,距離(li)上一次調(diao)整(zheng)最低(di)工資(zi)(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準已滿三年(nian)(nian),其(qi)最低(di)工資(zi)(zi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準有(you)望在2019年(nian)(nian)上調(diao)。此(ci)外,天津、福建、湖南、青海(hai)、甘(gan)肅(su)距離(li)上次上調(diao)時間(jian)也已滿兩年(nian)(nian)。
記者注意到,各地(di)之間(jian)最低工(gong)(gong)資標準調(diao)整時間(jian)間(jian)隔有所(suo)不同。如(ru)北京、上海(hai)等地(di),近年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)保(bao)持(chi)對最低工(gong)(gong)資標準進行調(diao)整,但也有不少地(di)區采取(qu)兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)或(huo)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)調(diao)整一次(ci)的方式(shi),對最低工(gong)(gong)資標準調(diao)整持(chi)審慎態度,如(ru)廣(guang)西近兩次(ci)調(diao)整時間(jian)分別在2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月和2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月。
有(you)關專家表(biao)示,最(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)水平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)上漲,應(ying)參考(kao)當地就業者(zhe)及其贍養人(ren)口的(de)(de)最(zui)低(di)生活(huo)費用、城鎮居民消費價格指數(shu)、職工(gong)(gong)個人(ren)繳(jiao)納的(de)(de)社會(hui)保險費和住(zhu)房公積金(jin)、職工(gong)(gong)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)、經濟(ji)發展水平(ping)(ping)、就業狀況(kuang)等因(yin)素,因(yin)此不應(ying)簡(jian)單就數(shu)值進行橫向比較,應(ying)該綜(zong)合(he)全面地看待(dai)最(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標準(zhun)的(de)(de)上調(diao)(diao)。同時,在調(diao)(diao)整過(guo)程中,也要(yao)掌握(wo)好(hao)“度”,既考(kao)慮低(di)收入職工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)薪資(zi)提高幅度,也考(kao)慮企業的(de)(de)實際承(cheng)受負(fu)擔,注重提高最(zui)低(di)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標準(zhun)調(diao)(diao)整的(de)(de)科學性。
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