問(wen) 我是(shi)個職場新人，現在想咨詢(xun)一(yi)下，請問勞動關系(xi)和勞務(wu)關系(xi)的(de)本質(zhi)區別是(shi)什么？

答 首先主(zhu)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)能同(tong)(tong)(tong)時都是(shi)自然人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，也不(bu)(bu)能同(tong)(tong)(tong)時都是(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或(huo)組織(zhi)。也就是(shi)說，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)，即用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)，只(zhi)(zhi)能是(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或(huo)組織(zhi)，另一方則(ze)必須是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)；而(er)(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)雙方當事人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)可以(yi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時都是(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、組織(zhi)、公民(min)，也可以(yi)是(shi)公民(min)與法(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、組織(zhi)；主(zhu)體(ti)性質及關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)兩個主(zhu)體(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間除存(cun)(cun)在(zai)經濟(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)外，還存(cun)(cun)在(zai)行(xing)政隸屬(shu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，即勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)要(yao)接受用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理，遵守其(qi)規(gui)章制(zhi)度等。而(er)(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)兩個主(zhu)體(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間只(zhi)(zhi)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)經濟(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，即勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)提(ti)供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)支付勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)報(bao)酬，彼此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間不(bu)(bu)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)行(xing)政隸屬(shu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，主(zhu)體(ti)地位(wei)平等；適用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)《勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》和《勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》等勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)、法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)；而(er)(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)則(ze)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)《民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)通則(ze)》、《合同(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》等民(min)事法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)、法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。其(qi)次勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)主(zhu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)待遇不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)除獲(huo)得(de)工(gong)資報(bao)酬外，還有(you)保險(xian)、福(fu)(fu)利(li)待遇、參與單(dan)位(wei)管理等；而(er)(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，一般只(zhi)(zhi)獲(huo)得(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)報(bao)酬，沒(mei)有(you)保險(xian)、福(fu)(fu)利(li)待遇等。最后施工(gong)名義(yi)以(yi)及責(ze)任(ren)承擔不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名義(yi)工(gong)作，其(qi)提(ti)供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)屬(shu)于職務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)為(wei)，由用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)承擔法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)責(ze)任(ren)；而(er)(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)提(ti)供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一方以(yi)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名義(yi)從事勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活動(dong)(dong)(dong)，獨立承擔法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)責(ze)任(ren)。